Jesse was a founding partner of Domain Associates, LLC, a leading venture capital management firm specialized in the formation of biopharmaceutical and medical technology companies. Domain has helped create and finance over 200 early stage companies since its creation in 1985.

Prior to the formation of Domain, Jesse was vice president of The Wilkerson Group, and its affiliated venture capital firm, CW Ventures. He served as president and CEO of Microsonics, a pioneer in computer image processing for cardiology. Previous to that, Jesse held executive positions at Technicon Instruments (now Siemens Healthineers) and at General Electric (GE).

Jesse is a former trustee of McCarter Theatre, and currently serves on the Board of Penn Medicine Princeton Health. He is a member of the Investment Advisory Board of the Harrington Discovery Institute, a member of the Investment Committee of the American Physical Society and a member of the RPI School of Science Leadership Council. Jesse is the founder and chairman of the Stellar Energy Foundation, Inc. whose mission is to help bring fusion energy to the zero-carbon power portfolio soon
enough to make an impact on climate change.
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Since 2013, Treu has been a volunteer researcher and member of the governance structure of several worldwide cosmology projects, namely: The Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT), the Simons Observatory and CMB-S4.

He received his B.S. in physics from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and his M.A. and Ph.D. in physics from Princeton University.